oligodendroglioma pathology outlines
Thus, prognostic markers should be assessed while accounting for other genetic alterations. 138, 915924. Temozolomide chemotherapy versus radiotherapy in high-risk low-grade glioma (EORTC 22033-26033): a randomised, open-label, phase 3 intergroup study. 0000144292 00000 n Alterations of chromosome arms 1p and 19q as predictors of survival in oligodendrogliomas, astrocytomas, and mixed oligoastrocytomas. 0000127170 00000 n J. Neurooncol. [Full Text]. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Sci. (2006). Pathophysiology Cell of origin is unknown, although the commonality of IDH mutation across IDH mutant astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma suggests a common histogenesis in these tumors; similarly, single cell sequencing of IDH mutant gliomas suggests this as well ( Acta Neuropathol 2009;118:469, Science 2017;355:eaai8478 ) Etiology PCV and TMZ are also used in cases of recurrence but result in lower response rates and disease-free survival. Chem. 32:783. doi: 10.1200/jco.2013.49.3726, Calatozzolo, C., Pollo, B., Botturi, A., Dinapoli, L., Carosi, M., Salmaggi, A., et al. Targeting the RTK-PI3K-mTOR axis in malignant glioma: overcoming resistance. Dual-genotype astrocytoma/oligodendroglioma are very rare. (2000a). Molecular analysis of IDH1/2 hotspots and LOH1p/19q testing is required for diagnosis. Acta Neuropathol. Around 60% of people have a seizure before being diagnosed. These alterations have correlated with a shorter event free survival (EFS; 29 vs. 53 months, p < 0.0001) and OS (48 vs. 83 months, p < 0.0001). (2003). For example, a test may look at the changes in the tumor cells' genetic material, called DNA. A rare, giant, anaplastic oligodendroglioma. 21(13):2525-8. It has therefore been suggested that complete 1p/19q codeletion be required for the diagnosis of 'canonical oligodendroglioma'. (2015). doi: 10.1227/neu.0b013e31820c3419, Soffietti, R., Rud, R., Bradac, G. B., and Schiffer, D. (1998). This content does not have an Arabic version. "[Diagnostic and prognostic values of 1p and 19q deletions in adult gliomas: critical review of the literature and implications in daily clinical practice]" (in French). However, we cannot answer medical or research questions or give advice. (1995). (2001). (WC/jensflorian), Minigemistocytes and mitoses. This image reveals a calcified hypoattenuating lesion that is invading the corpus callosum. J. Clin. Afterward in 2001, Chinot et al. The cellular density is moderate to high, and the fried-egg appearance dominates the histologic features. 2005 Jul. 2023 Feb 28;13(5):914. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics13050914. Elens, I., De Vleeschouwer, S., Pauwels, F., and Van Gool, S. (2012). Oncol. Arch Pathol Lab Med 131:242251. This was attributed to the sensitivity of oligodendrogliomas to chemotherapy compared to astrocytomas (Alattar et al., 2018). A brain tumor survivor shares his experience with oligodendroglioma and advice for others. "MAP-2e, a novel MAP-2 isoform, is expressed in gliomas and delineates tumor architecture and patterns of infiltration". HHS Vulnerability Disclosure, Help Exp. These cells make a substance that protects nerve cells and helps with the flow of electrical signals in the brain and spinal cord. (2010). Both authors have read and approved the final manuscript. The most common sign of an oligodendroglioma is a seizure. Oligodendrogliomas are tumors that develop from a certain type of cell called oligodendroglial progenitor cells. Uhm, J. Latini, A., Scussiato, K., Rosa, R. B., Llesuy, S., Bell-Klein, A., Dutra-Filho, C. S., et al. Another phase 2 clinical trial (NCT04623931) is assessing chemotherapy and RT for the treatment of IDH wildtype gliomas or non-histological glioblastomas in approximately 40 patients. (2006). The PFS HR was 3.33 with a 95% CI 1.318.45 (P = 0.011) while the OS HR was 2.78 with a 95% CI 0.5813.22 (P = 0.20) (Jaeckle et al., 2021). The trial compared outcomes in patients who received radiation therapy alone versus radiation therapy (RT) plus chemotherapy with procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine (PCV). While usually unexpressed in mature cells, cancer cells make use of this enzyme to promote their survival and increase proliferation. government site. Oligodendrogliomas Primary GBMs Alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT)/ATRX Astrocytomas Secondary GBMs Cohesion between sister chromatids provides a template for recombination and repair during and after DNA replication in S and G 2phases of the cell cycle 11 Mutations of Selected Genes in Glioma Subtypes (2011). Each stratum has different combination treatments and targeted patient populations. doi: 10.1007/s11060-005-9020-1. Oligodendroglioma confers higher risk of radiation necrosis. Chem. PTEN is a target of chromosome 10q loss in anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and PTEN alterations are associated with poor prognosis. (2001). Low-risk patients might defer treatment with radiation and chemotherapy and followed with surveillance only, while high-risk patients may benefit with upfront adjuvant treatment. As a result of the disruption of IDHs enzymatic function, 2-HG tilts off the NADP/NADPH balance thereby increasing the production of ROS and leading to DNA damage and tumor formation (Latini et al., 2003; Rinaldi et al., 2016). doi: 10.1093/ajcp/112.6.801, Poisson, M., Pereon, Y., Chiras, J., and Delattre, J. J. Clin. Clinical trials, with new chemotherapy, targeted therapy, or immunotherapy drugs, may also be available and can be a possible treatment option. Brain Neurorehabil. The Spectrum of Long-term Epilepsyassociated Tumors: Long-term Seizure and Tumor Outcome and Neurosurgical Aspects. Neuro Oncol. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Neuro Oncol. IDH mutated enzymes can promote proliferation and colony formation through its end metabolite 2-HG (Koivunen et al., 2012; Bittinger et al., 2013). Moreover, treatment of these patients with PCV demonstrated an improved OS in both groups when compared to RT alone. Low-risk patients have a better prognosis than high-risk patients. doi: 10.1093/neuonc/now133, Xu, W., Yang, H., Liu, Y., Yang, Y., Wang, P., Kim, S.-H., et al. Weinberg, R. A. The growth of cells, called a tumor, begins in cells called oligodendrocytes. J Clin Oncol. doi: 10.1200/JCO.2003.12.015, Vogelbaum, M. A., Berkey, B., Peereboom, D., Macdonald, D., Giannini, C., Suh, J. H., et al. The oligodendroglioma, a relatively indolent form of diffuse gliomas thought to originate in oligodendrocytes, has never demonstrated myelin formation on electron microscopy nor shown a constant expression of myelin-related proteins. The median overall survival was 13.3 years in the RT+PCV group versus 7.8 years in the RT alone group, and progression-free survival at 10 years was 51% in the RT+PCV group versus 21% in the RT alone group. A study by Kaminska et al. 14:722396. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2021.722396. 2017 Nov 6. Your IP address is listed in our blacklist and blocked from completing this request. 0000276291 00000 n 6(4):371-4. Benefit from procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine in oligodendroglial tumors is associated with mutation of IDH. 0000015277 00000 n A neuropathologist should then review the tumor tissue. J. Clin. Periclinal laboratory models have shown the efficacy of mebendazole against high grade gliomas and medulloblastomas. doi: 10.1215/15228517-2008-073, Wang, P., Wu, J., Ma, S., Zhang, L., Yao, J., Hoadley, K. A., et al. 0000230398 00000 n Throughout the entire process, educate the patient and family through regular follow-up care and involvement of support groups to cope with physical, emotional, and spiritual stress. However, no results have proven enough benefit for treating patients with recurrent AO. (1994) and showed that the median time to progression for patients was at least 25.2 months for complete responders, 14.2 months for partial responders and 6.8 months for stable patients. 43, 7178. van den Bent MJ, Carpentier AF, Brandes AA, Sanson M, Taphoorn MJ, Bernsen HJ, et al. Oligodendroglioma High Quality Pathology Images of Neuropath: Glial Tumors of Oligodendroglioma . Int. 374 (14):1344-55. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M111.258947, Louis, D., Perry, A., Reifenberger, G., von, D. A., Figarella-Branger, D., Cavenee, W. K., et al. This comes with a risk of sacrificing important brain centers and hence compromising functionality and quality of life. Several genetic and protein alterations have been identified in AO. PCV chemotherapy for recurrent oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas. Commun. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are prognostic but not predictive for outcome in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors: a report of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Group. . Neurosurgery 59, 12031214. Salvage chemotherapy with taxol for recurrent anaplastic astrocytomas. Overexpression of PDGF system components, particularly the subtype receptor (PDGFR), was detected in Southern and Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analyses 4/41 AO. 1994. Cancer Sci. Roughly 20 years ago, the first glioma-associated molecular signature was found with complete chromosome 1p and 19q codeletion being particularly common in histologically classic oligodendrogliomas. 0000017366 00000 n The CODEL study is a phase 3 study whereby 36 patients with newly diagnosed grade III oligodendrogliomas were randomized to receive RT alone (Arm A), RT with concomitant and adjuvant TMZ (Arm B) or TMZ alone (Arm C) (Jaeckle et al., 2021). 10, 295307. Wen PY, Black PM. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Detection of p 16, RB, CDK4, and p53 gene deletion and amplification by fluorescence in situ hybridization in 96 gliomas. 2012 Jan;226(1):7-16. doi: 10.1002/path.2995. Cancer Res. doi: 10.1016/s1470-2045(16)30122-x, Batchelor, T. T., Gilbert, M. R., Supko, J. G., Carson, K. A., Nabors, L. B., Grossman, S. A., et al. Abstract Aims: We performed an immunohistochemical analysis of alpha-thalassaemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) expression in adult diffuse gliomas, with reference to clinicopathological and genetic features, to determine the utility of this analysis in diagnostic practice. Variation in Olig2 gene is associated with psychosis in Alzheimer's disease ( Neurosci Lett 2009;461:54) Uses by pathologists May differentiate oligodendroglioma (Olig2+) from extraventricular neurocytoma (Olig2-, Brain Tumor Pathol 2011;28:157) Microscopic (histologic) images Images hosted on other servers: Pediatric glioblastoma 40, 205216. Acta Neuropathol. IDH mutations have also been implicated in the regulation of the recruitment of inflammatory cells to tumor sites, specifically through D-2HG. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. doi: 10.3171/JNS/2008/108/2/0227, Chang, S. M., Kuhn, J. G., Robins, H. I., Schold, S. C. Jr., Spence, A. M., Berger, M. S., et al. 19 (suppl_5):v1-v88. The PubMed wordmark and PubMed logo are registered trademarks of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Adjuvant procarbazine, lomustine, and vincristine improves progression-free survival but not overall survival in newly diagnosed anaplastic oligodendrogliomas and oligoastrocytomas: a randomized European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer phase III trial. All rights reserved. Giannini, C.; Scheithauer, BW. Nevertheless, further studies are needed to elucidate the role of CIC/FUBP1 alterations in the pathogenesis of AO and oligodendrogliomas, in general. These tumors are called oligodendrogliomas because the cells resemble oligodendrocytes, a type of brain cell that supports and insulates nerve fibers in the CNS. Alattar et al. Molecular alterations associated with tumor progression: Glioma CpG island methylator phenotype (G CIMP) (. Radiation therapy uses powerful energy beams to kill tumor cells. Adult infiltrating gliomas with WHO 2016 integrated diagnosis: additional prognostic roles of ATRX and TERT. 0000225482 00000 n PFA ependymoma-associated protein EZHIP inhibits PRC2 activity through a H3 K27M-like mechanism. Before Signs and symptoms This in turn provides evidence that IDH mutations could allow cells to remain in a vulnerable state, and prone to additional DNA alterations. The unbalanced translocation of the centromeric regions of chromosomes 1p and 19q attribute to the loss of the whole arm on both chromosomes. Oligodendroglioma is a primary central nervous system (CNS) tumor. Oligodendroglioma - Libre Pathology Oligodendroglioma Oligodendroglioma, IDH mutant and 1p/19q codeleted is CNS tumour that is typically in the cerebral hemispheres. Dubbink HJ, Atmodimedjo PN, Kros JM, French PJ, Sanson M, Idbaih A, Wesseling P, Enting R, Spliet W, Tijssen C, Dinjens WN, Gorlia T, van den Bent MJ. The oncometabolite 2-hydroxyglutarate activates the mTOR signalling pathway. Genes Dev. Apart from RTOG9402 and EORTC26951, Wick et al., 2016 conducted NOA-4, a randomized phase 3 trial of sequential RT followed by chemotherapy against anaplastic glioma with PCV or TMZ (Vogelbaum et al., 2009). While IDH-WT tumors retained a poor prognosis and showed no benefit from PCV treatment, improved OS was seen in IDH mutant non-co-deleted tumors, and astrocytic tumors when treated with PCV plus RT. With approximately 108 participants included in this study, the estimated completion date is July 2022. Epub 2015 Sep 9. Irinotecan therapy in adults with recurrent or progressive malignant glioma. Oligodendrogliomas. 1992. Low-grade oligodendroglioma responds to chemotherapy. Glioma-derived mutations in IDH1 dominantly inhibit IDH1 catalytic activity and induce HIF-1. Response rate and prognostic factors of recurrent oligodendroglioma treated with procarbazine, CCNU, and vincristine chemotherapy. Accessed Dec. 20, 2022. (2010). ABM Salah Uddin, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Neurology, American Epilepsy Society, American Medical AssociationDisclosure: Nothing to disclose. Cancer. Together, grade 2 and 3 oligodendrogliomas are one-tenth as common as glioblastoma, the most commonly occurring malignant primary brain tumor in adults. (2017). Major drugs utilized in the treatment of AO. Cancer Res. (2012) showed that an IDH1 mutation can induce a methylation profile known as the G-CIMP signature, which is a glioma specific methylation pattern at CpG islands. Cancer Cell 19, 1730. Cancer Res 2006; 66:9852. (2009). 27, 149155. Where this happens in the body depends on which parts of the brain are affected by the tumor. It was found that CIMP + or MGMT-STP27 methylated tumors had a superior OS 1.05 vs. 6.46 years and 1.06 vs. 3.8 years (both P < 0.0001) for CIMP and MGMT-STP27 status, respectively. Interestingly, some tumors exhibited p16 hyperexpression without any chromosome 9p alterations and this was associated with a shorter EFS and OS. Molecules 24:968. doi: 10.3390/molecules24050968, Killela, P. J., Reitman, Z. J., Jiao, Y., Bettegowda, C., Agrawal, N., and Diaz, L. A. Jr. et al. Lancet Oncol. Oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted, WHO CNS Grade 3 (ICD-O: 9451/3). Cancer Res. Anaplastic oligodendrogliomas are a type of glioma that occurs primarily in adults but are also found in children. IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are prognostic but not predictive for outcome in anaplastic oligodendroglial tumors: a report of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Brain Tumor Group. 0000141631 00000 n Daumas-Duport C, Scheithauer BW, Chodkiewicz JP, et al. Nature 529, 110114. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163067. Although surgery can help relieve symptoms by decreasing the mass effect of the tumor, the tumors predilection to the frontal lobe hinders its maximal resection. Recently, 1p/19q codeletion was independently validated as a favorable prognostic factor in low grade glioma.{ref35. Pignatti F, van den Bent M, Curran D, Debruyne C, Sylvester R, et al. Check out these best-sellers and special offers on books and newsletters from Mayo Clinic Press. Another DNA-binding protein found mutated in AO is FUBP1. Classic histologic image of oligodendroglioma. Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor: a surgically curable tumor of young patients with intractable partial seizures. While ribociclib is included as a treatment regimen across all strata, gemcitabine, trametinib, and sonidgib are included in strata A, B, and C, respectively. Bettegowda, C. (2000). (2013) was the first to conduct a meta-analysis on PFS and OS in gliomas based on IDH mutations. -, Arita H, Narita Y, Fukushima S, Tateishi K, Matsushita Y, Yoshida A, Miyakita Y, Ohno M, Collins VP, Kawahara N, et al. 12, 20132021. Additionally, the mTOR pathway has been identified at a potential target for treatment due its activation in IDH-mutant gliomas. 17, 20172022. The .gov means its official. Long-term efficacy of early versus delayed radiotherapy for low-grade astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma in adults: the EORTC 22845 randomised trial. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. Pediatric oligodendroglioma is a low-grade glioma that remains relatively rare when compared to adults. Abundant, delicate appearing; may vaguely resemble a paraganglioma at low power. You are being redirected to doi: 10.1172/JCI90644, Koivunen, P., Lee, S., Duncan, C. G., Lopez, G., Lu, G., Ramkissoon, S., et al. Curr. ; Sahm, F.; Schrimpf, D.; Wiestler, B.; Capper, D.; Koelsche, C.; Schweizer, L.; Korshunov, A. et al. This image reveals increased nuclear pleomorphism and vascular proliferation. Oligodendrogliomas may be diagnosed at any age but occur most commonly in young and middle-aged adults between 25 and 45 years old. 24:2702-2714. Radiation plus Procarbazine, CCNU, and Vincristine in Low-Grade Glioma. To establish the diagnosis of AO, a pathological sample is crucial. This microdevice will be used for 8 intratumor drugs: TMZ, Lomustine, Irinotecan, Carboplatin, Lapatinib, Osimertinib, Abenaciclib, and Everolimus. Oligodendrogliomas are grouped in two grades based on their characteristics. Neuro. 0000226003 00000 n 24, 27072714. Loss of heterozygosity of microsatellite loci on chromosome 9p in astrocytic tumors and its prognostic implications. 2006. This publication addresses two common gliomas: oligodendroglioma and oligoastrocytoma. Diffuse leptomeningeal glioneuronal tumour (1p/19q codeletion present, but IDH wildtype). 22 (5):665-674. Subsequently, this codeletion appeared to not only carry diagnostic, but also prognostic and predictive information, the latter aspect only recently resolved after carefully constructed clinical trials with very long follow-up times. With proper education, the patient and family can develop good insight into the course and prognosis of the tumor. Phase II study of topotecan in patients with recurrent malignant glioma. Patients with co-deleted tumors demonstrate favorable prognoses (Smith et al., 2000a; Ino et al., 2001; Cairncross et al., 2006; Kaloshi et al., 2007; Cairncross et al., 2013). [3] This risk classification may change in the future as our understanding of the contributions of genetic markers to survivability evolves. Stephen A Berman, MD, PhD, MBA Professor of Neurology, University of Central Florida College of Medicine The energy can come from X-rays, protons and other sources. Cancer 94, 26882697. Oncol. 0000002967 00000 n Ahmad H, Martin D, Patel SH, Donahue J, Lopes B, Purow B, et al. Youmans and Winn Neurological Surgery. Some subtypes +ve - should not be used to distinguish. 30, 1924. CDKN2/p16 or RB alterations occur in the majority of glioblastomas and are inversely correlated. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Koike H, Morikawa M, Ishimaru H, Ideguchi R, Uetani M, Miyoshi M. Diagnostics (Basel). (2016). Brain Tumors: An Encyclopedic Approach. Impact of 9p deletion and p16, Cyclin D1, and Myc hyperexpression on the outcome of anaplastic oligodendrogliomas. (2018). [4]. Wiestler, B.; Capper, D.; Hovestadt, V.; Sill, M.; Jones, DT. Any product that may be evaluated in this article, or claim that may be made by its manufacturer, is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher. A t(1;19)(q10;p10) mediates the combined deletions of 1p and 19q and predicts a better prognosis of patients with oligodendroglioma. In this review article, we describe the clinical management of AO and summarize the different molecular pathways that drive the development, maintenance, and treatment response of these tumors. Oligodendroglioma is most common in adults, but it can happen at any age. Exp. Smith, J. S., Perry, A., Borell, T. J., Lee, H. K., OFallon, J., Hosek, S. M., et al. Mod. Appropriate design of future clinical trials can help in determining better correlations with molecular subclasses. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(20010115)91:2<417::aid-cncr1016>3.0.co;2-9, Chinot, O.-L., Honore, S., Dufour, H., Barrie, M., Figarella-Branger, D., Muracciole, X., et al. Neurosurg Focus. 21, 251255. 507 0 obj <> endobj However, analysis of other trials such as the EORTC 26951 did not reveal a correlation between IDH mutations and survival in patients with astrocytic tumors (grade II) (van den Bent et al., 2010, 2013a). (2012). In a subgroup analysis, oligodendroglioma diagnosis was a favorable prognostic factor resulting in increased overall and progression-free survival; however, oligodendrogliomas were classified histologically in this study, not by 1p/19q status. 7(4):305-314. Their good prognosis relative to other parenchymal tumors probably stems from inherently less aggressive biological behavior and a favorable response to radiation and chemotherapy. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1994.12.10.2013, Cairncross, G., Wang, M., Shaw, E., Jenkins, R., Brachman, D., Buckner, J., et al. J. Clin. National Library of Medicine Yu, G., Butler, M. K., Abdelmaksoud, A., Pang, Y., Su, Y.-T., Rae, Z., et al. Newly diagnosed oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p19q codeleted. 0000127092 00000 n Curr. Resection and immunotherapy for recurrent grade III glioma. Baumert BG, Hegi ME, van den Bent MJ, von Deimling A, Gorlia T, et al. Oligodendroglial tumors can be divided into two groups based on the classification of the world health organization (WHO): grade II oligodendroglioma and grade III (anaplastic) oligodendroglioma. Oncol. Relative frequency of histopathologically diagnosed oligodendroglial and oligoastrocytic tumors in the spectrum of glial tumors of the CNS: Common histopathologic patterns encountered in classic (IDH mutant, 1p19q codeleted) oligodendrogliomas include: Less common and sometimes diagnostically confusing histopathologic patterns encountered in classic (IDH mutant, 1p19q codeleted) oligodendrogliomas include: Diffuse gliomas: from histopathologically to molecularly defined entities. O, Rourke, DM; Berger, SL; Chan, TA; Levine, R. L.; Mellinghoff, IK; Thompson, CB IDH mutation impairs histone demethylation and results in a block to cell differentiation. (WC/jensflorian), Perinuclear MAP2 immunoreactivity in oligodendroglioma. (1998). Cairncross, G., Macdonald, D., Ludwin, S., Lee, D., Cascino, T., Buckner, J., et al. Brain Pathol. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Oncol. Neuro Oncol. Two plausible hypotheses to explain treatment resistance in oligodendrogliomas exist. See this image and copyright information in PMC.